Boiling Point Of Ethylene Glycol

Ethylene Glycol based water solutions are common in rut-transfer applications where the temperature in the heat transfer fluid tin can exist below 32^oF (0^oC). Ethylene glycol is also unremarkably used in heating applications that temporarily may not exist operated (cold) in surroundings with freezing conditions - such as cars and machines with water cooled engines.

Ethylene Glycol is the nigh common antifreeze fluid for standard heating and cooling applications. Ethylene glycol should be avoided if there is a slightest adventure of leakage to potable water or nutrient processing systems. Instead solutions based on propylene glycol are commonly used.

Specific oestrus, viscosity and specific weight of a water and ethylene glycol solution vary significantly with the percent of ethylene glycol and the temperature of the fluid. Properties differs so much from clean water that heat transfer systems with ethylene glycol should be calculated thoroughly for actual temperature and solution.

Freezing Betoken of Ethylene Glycol based Water Solutions

Freezing points of ethylene glycol based h2o solutions at various temperatures are indicated below

Freezing Point
Ethylene Glycol Solution (% by volume)		0	ten	20	30	40	l	lx	80	90	100
Temperature	(^oF)	32	25.9	17.viii	7.3	-10.3	-34.2	-63	≈ -51	≈ -22	nine
Temperature	(^oC)	0	-iii.4	-vii.9	-xiii.7	-23.5	-36.eight	-52.8	≈ -46	≈ -30	-12.8

Propylene Glycol and Freezing Points

Due to possible slush creation, ethylene glycol and water solutions should not exist used in conditions close to freezing points.

Water with ethylene glycol - freezing points

Dynamic Viscosity of Ethylene Glycol based Water Solutions

Dynamic viscosity - μ - of ethylene glycol based water solutions at various temperatures are indicated below

Dynamic Viscosity - μ - (centiPoise)
Temperature		Ethylene Glycol Solution (% by book)
(^oF)	(^oC)	25	30	xl	50	sixty	65	100
0	-17.viii	¹⁾	¹⁾	15	22	35	45	310
xl	iv.four	3	3.v	4.8	half-dozen.5	9	x.2	48
80	26.7	1.five	i.7	two.2	2.eight	3.viii	four.5	15.5
120	48.nine	0.9	one	i.3	1.v	2	ii.four	vii
160	71.ane	0.65	0.7	0.8	0.95	1.iii	ane.5	3.eight
200	93.3	0.48	0.5	0.vi	0.7	0.88	0.98	2.4
240	115.6	²⁾	²⁾	²⁾	²⁾	²⁾	²⁾	one.eight
280	137.8	²⁾	ⁱⁱ⁾	²⁾	²⁾	ⁱⁱ⁾	²⁾	1.2

below freezing point
higher up humid bespeak

Note! The dynamic viscosity of an ethylene glycol based water solution is increased compared with the dynamic viscosity of make clean water. Equally a consequence the head loss (pressure loss) in the a pipe organisation with ethylene glycol is increased compared to clean h2o.

Specific Gravity of Ethylene Glycol based Water Solutions

Specific gravity - SG - of ethylene glycol based water solutions at various temperatures are indicated below

Specific Gravity- SG -
Temperature		Ethylene Glycol Solution (% by book)
(^oF)	(^oC)	25	30	40	50	60	65	100
-40	-40	¹⁾	¹⁾	ⁱ⁾	¹⁾	i.12	i.13	¹⁾
0	-17.viii	¹⁾	^one)	i.08	1.ten	1.eleven	i.12	1.16
forty	four.4	1.048	i.057	1.07	1.088	1.i	1.eleven	1.145
80	26.vii	one.04	one.048	one.06	1.077	1.09	1.095	1.13
120	48.9	one.03	1.038	1.05	1.064	i.077	1.082	1.115
160	71.1	1.018	1.025	i.038	1.05	one.062	1.068	one.i
200	93.iii	1.005	1.013	1.026	1.038	i.049	1.054	1.084
240	115.6	²⁾	²⁾	²⁾	²⁾	²⁾	²⁾	1.067
280	137.8	²⁾	²⁾	²⁾	²⁾	ⁱⁱ⁾	^two)	1.05

below freezing point
in a higher place boiling signal

Note! The specific gravity of ethylene glycol based water solutions are increased compared with specific gravity of clean water.

Densities of Ethylene Glycol based Water Solutions

Plough the screen to run across the whole table.

Density - ρ - (kg/thousand³)
Mass Fraction of Ethylene Glycol in Solution	Temperature - t - (^oC)
Mass Fraction of Ethylene Glycol in Solution	-48	-35	-25	-fourteen	-8	-four	0	twenty	40	60	80	100
0							thousand	998	992	983	972	958
0.1						1019	1018	1014	1008	1000	992	984
0.ii					1038	1037	1036	1030	1022	1014	1005	995
0.three				1058	1056	1055	1054	1046	1037	1027	1017	1007
0.four			1080	1077	1075	1073	1072	1063	1052	1041	1030	1018
0.5		1103	1100	1096	1093	1092	1090	1079	1067	1055	1042	1030
0.6	1127	1124	1120	1115	1112	1110	1107	1095	1082	1068	1055	1042

Online expansion book calculator

Case - Expansion Volume in a Heating System with Ethylene Glycol

A heating system with liquid volume 0.8 m³ is freeze protected with 50% (by mass, mass fraction 0.5) ethylene glycol. The installation temperature of the organization is downwardly to 0^oC and the maximum medium operation temperature is 80^oC.

From the table in a higher place nosotros see that the density of the solution at installation temperature can exist every bit high as 1090 kg/m³ - and the medium density at functioning temperature can be every bit low as 1042 kg/m³ .

The mass of the liquid at installation can be calculated as

m_inst = ρ_inst Five_inst (one)

= (1090 kg/m³) (0.8 thousandⁱⁱⁱ)

= 872 kg

where

chiliad_inst = mass of liquid at installation (kg)

ρ_inst = density at installation (kg/m³)

5_inst = liquid book at installation (yardⁱⁱⁱ)

Mass of the liquid in the system during operation will exist aforementioned equally the mass in system during installation

m_inst = m_op (2)

= ρ_op 5_op

where

thou_op = mass of liquid at functioning (kg)

ρ_op = density atoperation (kg/g³)

V_op = liquid book atoperation (m³)

(2) can exist modified to summate liquid operation volume as

5_op = m_inst / ρ_op(2b)

= (872 kg) / (1042 kg/m^three )

= 0.837 one thousand^three

The required expansion book to avoid pressure tin be calculated every bit

ΔV = V_op- V_inst (three)

= (0.837 thousand³) - (0.8 m³)

= 0.037 k³

= 37 liter

where

ΔV = expansion volume (m^three)

Expansion volume tin be calculated equally

ΔV = ( ρ_inst / ρ_op- i) V_inst (4)

Specific Heat of Ethylene Glycol based Water Solutions

Specific Heat - c_p - of ethylene glycol based water solutions at various temperatures are indicated beneath

Turn the screen to the whole table.

Specific Heat - c_p (Btu/lb ^oF)
Ethylene Glycol Solution (% by weight)	Temperature (°C)
Ethylene Glycol Solution (% by weight)	-l	-40	-30	-xx	-ten	0	10	20	30	xl	fifty	60	seventy	fourscore	90	100
0						1.0038	1.0018	1.0004	0.99943	0.99902	0.99913	0.99978	1.0009	1.0026	1.0049	1.0076
10						0.97236	0.97422	0.97619	0.97827	0.98047	0.98279	0.98521	0.98776	0.99041	0.99318	0.99607
20						0.93576	0.93976	0.94375	0.94775	0.95175	0.95574	0.95974	0.96373	0.96773	0.97173	0.97572
30					0.89373	0.89889	0.90405	0.90920	0.91436	0.91951	0.92467	0.92982	0.93498	0.94013	0.94529	0.95044
40				0.84605	0.85232	0.85858	0.86484	0.87111	0.87737	0.88364	0.88990	0.89616	0.90243	0.90869	0.91496	0.92122
l			0.79288	0.80021	0.80753	0.81485	0.82217	0.82949	0.83682	0.84414	0.85146	0.85878	0.86610	0.87343	0.88075	0.88807
60	0.72603	0.73436	0.74269	0.75102	0.75935	0.76768	0.77601	0.78434	0.79267	0.80100	0.80933	0.81766	0.82599	0.83431	0.84264	0.85097
70	0.67064	0.67992	0.68921	0.69850	0.70778	0.71707	0.72636	0.73564	0.74493	0.75422	0.76350	0.77279	0.78207	0.79136	0.80065	0.80993
80	0.61208	0.62227	0.63246	0.64265	0.65285	0.66304	0.67323	0.68343	0.69362	0.70381	0.71401	0.72420	0.73439	0.74458	0.75478	0.76497
ninety				0.58347	0.59452	0.60557	0.61662	0.62767	0.63872	0.64977	0.66082	0.67186	0.68291	0.69396	0.70501	0.71606
100					0.53282	0.54467	0.55652	0.56838	0.58023	0.59209	0.60394	0.61579	0.62765	0.63950	0.65136	0.66321

Freezing indicate 100% ethylene glycol at atmospheric pressure is -12.8^oC (9^oF)

1 Btu/(lb_thousand ^oF) = 4,186.8 J/(kg Grand) = i kcal/(kg^oC)

Note! The specific estrus of ethylene glycol based water solutions are less than the specific estrus of make clean water. For a rut transfer organisation with ethylene glycol the circulated volume must be increased compared to a system but with water.

In a 50% solution with operational temperatures above 36 ^oF the specific rut chapters is decreased with approximately 20%. The reduced heat chapters must exist compensated by circulating more fluid.

Note! The density of ethylene glycol is higher than water - check the specific gravity (SG) table above, so the internet impact on the oestrus transport capacity is reduced. Case - the specific rut of an ethylene glycol water solution 50% / 50% is 0.815 at 80 ^oF (26.seven ^oC). Specific gravity at the same weather is 1.077. The internet impact tin be estimated to 0.815 * 1.077 = 0.877.

Machine antifreeze solutions should non be used in HVAC systems considering they contain silicates that may cause fouling. Silicates in automobile antifreeze are used to protect aluminum engine parts.

Note! Distilled or deionized h2o should be used for ethylene glycol solutions. City water may be treated with chlorine which is corrosive.

Systems for automatic makeup water should non be used since a leakage would contaminate the environs and dilute the antifreeze protection of the organization.

Boiling Points Ethylene Glycol Solutions

For total table with Boiling Points - rotate the screen!

Boiling Signal
Ethylene Glycol Solution (% by volume)		0	10	xx	thirty	xl	50	60	70	lxxx	90	100
Temperature	(^oF)	212	214	216	220	220	225	232	245	260	288	386
Temperature	(^oC)	100	101.1	102.2	104.4	104.4	107.2	111.ane	118	127	142	197

Increase in Flow required for a fifty% Ethylene Glycol Solution

Increment in circulated flow for 50% ethylene glycol solutions compared with clean water are indicated in the table below

Fluid Temperature		Flow Increase (%)
(^oF)	(^oC)	Flow Increase (%)
40	four.4	22
100	37.8	16
140	sixty.0	xv
180	82.2	14
220	104.4	14

Pressure Drib Correction and Combined Pressure Drop and Volume Catamenia Correction for 50% Ethylene Glycol Solution

Pressure drop correction and combined pressure drib and catamenia increment correction for 50% ethylene glycol solutions compared with clean h2o are indicated in the table below

Fluid Temperature		Pressure Drop Correction with Flow Rates Equal (%)	Combined Pressure Drop and Period Rate Correction (%)
(^oF)	(^oC)	Pressure Drop Correction with Flow Rates Equal (%)	Combined Pressure Drop and Period Rate Correction (%)
40	4.4	45	114
100	37.eight	ten	49
140	sixty.0	0	32
180	82.2	-half dozen	23
220	104.4	-ten	18